There was no left-arm wrist-spin in the early days of Test cricket. “Buck” Llewellyn, the first South African Test cricketer of colour, played Tests from 1896 to 1912. He was the only prominent bowler to bowl left-arm wrist-spin before the Wars. It was so unusual that databases still classify him as a left-arm seamer.

Yorkshire teammates Roy Kilner and Maurice Leyland bowled it in the 1920s, as did Ellis Achong of the West Indies. But all three were classified as “slow left-arm” bowlers who used wrist-spin as a variation.

It baffled many. Even Hercule Poirot mistook the legendary finger-spinner Hedley Verity’s variations as “Chinaman”.

There were nearly 5,700 overs of left-arm spin in first-class cricket in the 1930s, but only two bowled it at Test level. Chuck Fleetwood-Smith, the Victorian who played 11 Tests between 1935 and 1938, was the specialist. Denis Compton, the other, was primarily a batter.

It did not take off after the Second World War, either. Garry Sobers took 235 wickets between 1955 and 1975, but wrist-spin was one of three brands he practised, and a troubling shoulder forced him to give it up in the second half of his career. Johnny Wardle played Tests from 1948 to 1957. He bowled finger-spin at home in England, but switched to wrist-spin in Australia and South Africa, finishing his career with 102 Test wickets across his two styles.

Australia’s Lindsay Kline had 34 Test wickets at 23 and even a hat-trick. George Tribe and Jack Walsh played domestic cricket in both Australia and England and took over a thousand first-class wickets each, but Tribe played three Tests and Walsh none. Sobers and Wardle remained the only ones who bowled a reasonable amount of wrist-spin and had 50 Test wickets. But no trendsetter.

The early days of one-day cricket did not change this. Until 1994, ODIs had seen only 10 balls of left-arm wrist spin, from Roy Fredericks in 1976 – another batter who rolled his arm over. It was probably expected. For a long time, spin was perceived as a defensive option in the format.

Of course, this does not include Pradeep Matthew, the greatest left-arm wrist spinner – or perhaps any spinner – of all time, who played for Sri Lanka from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s. The enigmatic protagonist of the Chinaman, Shehan Karunatilaka’s 2010 masterpiece, was unfortunately a beautiful work of fiction.

Michael Bevan – again, an ODI batting legend – ended this drought. Bevan’s rare style influenced Australia to sometimes pick him as one of four bowlers in a Test. He even had a ten-wicket haul. But he took only 19 other Test wickets, and remained primarily a batter.

The first bowler to truly buck the trend was Paul Adams. Bowling with a bizarre action, Adams became the first, and till now, only bona-fide left-arm wrist-spinner to take 100 Test wickets. Kuldeep Yadav is the only other one with more than 50.

Left-arm wrist spinners with 25 wickets in men’s Tests

Source: CricViz. Cut-off: July 26, 2026.

Player	Team	Span	Tests	Overs/Test	Wickets
Paul Adams	South Africa	1995-2004	45	33	134
Kuldeep Yadav	India	2017-active	18	28	79
Chuck Fleetwood-Smith	Australia	1935-1938	10	52	42
Lakshan Sandakan	Sri Lanka	2016-2018	11	31	37
Lindsay Kline	Australia	1957-1961	13	30	34
Inshan Ali	West Indies	1971-1977	12	52	34
Michael Bevan	Australia	1994-1998	18	12	29
Denis Compton	England	1937-1957	78	6	25

It is not much different in ODIs either. There, Brad Hogg took 156 wickets and Kuldeep has gone past him, but the tally drops sharply thereafter.

Left-arm wrist spinners with 25 wickets in men’s T20

Source: CricViz. Cut-off: July 26, 2026.

Player	Team	Span	Matches	Overs/ODI	Wickets
Kuldeep Yadav	India	2017-active	121	9	194
Brad Hogg	Australia	1996-2008	123	8	156
Tabraiz Shamsi	South Africa	2016-active	55	8	73
Michael Bevan	Australia	1994-2004	232	1	36
Paul Adams	South Africa	1996-2003	24	8	29
Lakshan Sandakan	Sri Lanka	2016-2021	31	8	27

Why did left-arm wrist-spinners rarely thrive at the highest level? Batting largely used to be a right-hander’s game. Of the 3,272 men to have batted in Test cricket, only 20 per cent have been left-handers. Restrict it to the top seven positions, and it is 21 per cent. Right-handers outnumber left-handers significantly, and they find it easier to bat against the ball coming into them, which is what left-arm wrist-spinners bowl. It makes their rise to the top more difficult, and consequently, only the best used to make it.

The T20 revolution: Rise of the left-arm wrist-spinner

T20 is intrinsically quicker than the Tests or ODIs, which makes match-ups more important. In the middle overs, batters are promoted depending on which spinner is bowling, while bowlers can bowl one-over spells to counter that. That makes it important for teams to have variety in both batting and bowling. This is one reason why T20 cricket has a higher percentage of left-handed batters.

About 22 per cent of T20 batters in the top seven positions are left-handed. If one restricts it to the top three, that rises to 24. And if one goes by the balls faced, left-handers in the top three positions amount to 31 per cent, or nearly one-third.

Spinners who turn the ball away from the right-hander thus hardly have a monopoly in T20. This somewhat levelled the ground for left-arm wrist-spinners. And since teams realised this, they have been on the lookout for one. After all, these bowlers come with a natural advantage: not many batters face that kind of bowling in the nets.

Since the inception of T20, there has been a steady rise in the percentage of balls bowled by left-arm wrist-spinners out of all balls bowled by spinners. Over the current decade, that influence has spilled over to ODIs as well, but not in Test cricket.

How much have left-arm wrist-spinners bowled since the birth of T20?

The percentages reflect the ratio between balls bowled by left-arm wrist-spin to balls bowled by all spinners. Source: CricViz. Cut-off: July 26, 2026.

Phase	Test	ODI	T20
2003-2010	2.1%	3.0%	0.7%
2011-2018	1.2%	1.6%	2.3%
2019-2026	1.6%	4.4%	3.5%

One might think that this should have led to a rise in off-spinners, the most common form of spin bowling. Yet, though they turn the ball in the same direction, the rise of left-arm wrist spin in T20 has coincided with a decline of off-spin. It can be because the wrist-spinners find sharper turn or steeper bounce, or perhaps because of their googlies.

How much have off-spinners bowled since the birth of T20?

The percentages reflect the ratio between balls bowled by off-spin to balls bowled by all spinners. Source: CricViz. Cut-off: July 26, 2026.

Phase	Test	ODI	T20
2003-2010	37.8%	47.1%	43.6%
2011-2018	49.1%	48.4%	37.1%
2019-2026	46.6%	37.6%	33.5%

Largely due to the two-ball rule, off-spinners had started to fade in ODIs in the 2020s. It is never easy to bowl off-breaks with a semi-new Kookaburra. The new change to the conditions will address this – but that is for another day.

T20 cricket came too late for Adams, but it helped Hogg become the first left-arm wrist-spinner with a reasonably long career. His uniqueness helped him play T20 until a few days before his 47th birthday. Every prolific left-arm wrist-spinner since Hogg is still active in the format.

Tabraiz Shamsi has the second-most T20 wickets among South Africans, and has been playing for well over a decade. As have left-arm wristspinners like Kuldeep (who played alongside Hogg for the Kolkata Knight Riders in 2016), Michael Rippon, Lakshan Sandakan, and Thomas Kaber.

Since the best T20 bowlers do not have to be from the “legacy nations”, left-arm wrist-spinners are being scouted from around the world. Of the 13 left-arm wrist-spinners with 50 T20 wickets, three are from Afghanistan. Two of them debuted before Afghanistan became a Full Member. Similarly, Rippon played for the Netherlands before switching to New Zealand. Jake Lintott is not in the England selection radar but has played in several leagues around the world.

Left-arm wrist spinners with 50 wickets in men’s T20

Source: CricViz. Cut-off: July 26, 2026.

Player	Nation	Span	Matches	Overs/T20	Wickets
Tabraiz Shamsi	South Africa	2011-active	319	21	363
Kuldeep Yadav	India	2014-active	201	21	251
Noor Ahmad	Afghanistan	2019-active	218	21	250
Zahir Khan	Afghanistan	2017-active	146	21	160
Brad Hogg	Australia	2004-2018	141	21	140
Waqar Salamkheil	Afghanistan	2018-active	101	21	133
Jake Lintott	England	2017-active	116	20	124
Lakshan Sandakan	Sri Lanka	2014-active	90	20	97
Sufyan Moqim	Pakistan	2023-active	65	22	96
Michael Rippon	Netherlands/New Zealand	2011-active	112	17	87
D’Arcy Short	Australia	2016-active	194	9	78
Thomas Kaber	South Africa	2013-active	60	17	63

For decades, left-arm wrist spin was considered a novelty. Even now, no practitioner of the artform makes it to a discussion on the all-time great bowlers in Test cricket or ODIs. But T20 has ushered in its first ever great era, a format where left-arm wrist spinners have truly found their mojo.

Throughout the history of cricket, batters have found ways to combat bowling innovations. To what extent they dominate left-arm wrist-spin will define the future of bowling’s rarest genre.

Follow Wisden for all cricket updates, including live scores, match stats, quizzes and more. Stay up to date with the latest cricket news, player updates, team standings, match highlights, video analysis and live match odds.